Parental conflicts are one of the important factors in the family environment that can affect the mental health, emotional development, and psychological adjustment of adolescents. The family is the first platform for the formation of a sense of security, trust, belonging, and learning of communication patterns, and the quality of interactions between parents can affect the emotional atmosphere governing the adolescent's life. Adolescence is a sensitive stage in personality development and identity formation due to rapid biological, cognitive, emotional, and social changes, and adolescents in this period need a relatively stable and supportive environment to achieve independence, strengthen self-concept, and create stable social relationships. When the family atmosphere is accompanied by frequent arguments, hostility, disrespect, threats, blame, or emotional withdrawal of parents, the adolescent's sense of psychological security may be undermined, leading to increased anxiety, tension, emotional confusion, and adjustment problems. Parental conflict is not limited to any disagreement, as routine and managed conflicts can be a natural part of family life and even provide an opportunity to learn to negotiate, solve problems, and accept differences; what is more important is the intensity, frequency, continuity, content of the conflict, and the way it is resolved. Destructive conflicts that are accompanied by verbal aggression, humiliation, threats, violence, or involving children in conflicts can threaten the mental health of adolescents more than constructive conflicts. According to the family system view, family members are in an interconnected communication network, and a change in the quality of the parental relationship may affect the teen's parent interactions, the sense of family belonging, and the way they respond to children's emotional needs. In such a situation, the adolescent may spend a large part of his psychological energy anticipating arguments, taking care of the parents' reactions, or trying to reduce family tensions instead of focusing on his or her age-appropriate developmental tasks. This can reduce their capacity for attention, learning, emotion regulation, and social participation. One of the important mechanisms by which parental conflicts affect adolescents' mental health is the threat to their feelings of emotional security. In order to grow up healthy, the adolescent needs to ensure that the family remains a predictable and supportive environment in the face of adversity. Frequent observation of severe disagreements between parents may create the impression that close relationships are unstable or that a crisis can occur at any moment. As a result, the adolescent may be more sensitive to small signs of tension, react anxiously to a change in parental tone, or, in ambiguous situations, expect something unpleasant to happen. The persistence of such situations can be accompanied by increased emotional arousal, difficulty in calming oneself, and a decreased sense of control. However, the severity of these outcomes is not the same in all adolescents, and factors such as temperament, family history, quality of relationship with each parent, social support, and coping skills can play a protective or exacerbating role. Anxiety is one of the possible psychological problems in adolescents who are constantly exposed to severe family conflicts. Worrying about the future of the family, the possibility of parental separation, fear of escalating arguments, and feeling powerless to change the situation can lead to constant mental preoccupation. Some teens may become overly submissive, fail to express their needs, or try to gain the consent of both parents to avoid conflict. Others may react with irritability, anger, disagreement, or impulsive behaviors. These differences suggest that family pressure can manifest itself in the form of internalized symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, or externalized symptoms, such as aggression and coping behaviors. Internalized symptoms sometimes remain hidden from parents and educators, as the adolescent may be calm and submissive on the outside, but internally struggle with worry, loneliness, or helplessness. In contrast, externalized behaviors may attract more attention and be mistakenly attributed solely to disobedience or educational weakness, while in some cases they can be a reflection of psychological pressure and difficulty in regulating emotion. Accurate diagnosis of this condition requires an examination of the family context, duration and severity of symptoms, and their impact on the academic, social, and individual performance of the adolescent. Depression is also a possible consequence of long-term exposure to a stressful family environment. Repeatedly experiencing conflict can undermine a teen's sense of hope, worth, and belonging, especially when he or she sees himself as responsible for parental disagreements or thinks he can't change the situation. Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, frustration, and withdrawal from pleasurable activities may increase in some teens. If parents blame the child during disagreements or ask him or her to take sides with one of them, loyalty conflict and psychological pressure are more likely to form. The adolescent may feel that loving one parent means betraying the other parent, or that he or she needs to hide some of his true feelings in order to maintain a relationship with both people. This situation can further complicate family relationships and make it difficult to express emotions freely. However, the presence of parental conflict alone is not enough to draw conclusions about a teen's depression, and it is necessary to evaluate biological, cognitive, social, and mental health factors. Emotional adjustment refers to the ability to recognize, accept, regulate, and express emotions appropriately in the face of life events. An adolescent with favorable emotional adjustment can recognize emotions such as anger, fear, sadness, and frustration, investigate their cause, and respond to them without harming themselves or others. Frequent parental conflicts may reduce the opportunity to learn these skills, especially when the dominant family patterns are based on yelling, suppressing emotions, threats, prolonged anger, or avoiding constructive dialogue. Adolescents learn how to deal with conflicts by observing parental behavior and may reproduce family communication patterns in their friendly and emotional relationships. For example, an adolescent who has repeatedly witnessed conflict resolution through humiliation may distance himself from calm dialogue in stressful situations or consider aggression as a common way to defend his or her desires. In contrast, some adolescents may opt for extreme conflict avoidance and avoid expressing their legitimate needs and disagreements. Both patterns can make emotional adjustment and the quality of interpersonal relationships difficult. Of course, social learning is not the only path to influence, and individual differences and the experience of supportive relationships outside the family are also important in the formation of coping strategies. Another important mechanism is the role of the adolescent's cognitive assessment of parental conflicts. Adolescents do not merely react to observing disagreement, but also form perceptions about its cause, personal meaning, and possible consequences. If the adolescent assumes that parental disagreement has occurred due to his or her behavior, academic performance, or desires, he may experience a sense of disproportionate responsibility and guilt. They may also believe that they have a duty to reconcile parents, prevent their separation, or prevent one of the parents from getting hurt. Such excessive responsibility can create significant emotional strain and reduce the opportunity to address the teen's own developmental needs. Redressing these perceptions requires a clear and age-appropriate explanation that adult disputes are not the responsibility of the teen and that he or she has no duty to mediate between parents. Parents should refrain from using the child as a messenger, arbitrator, confidant of marital disputes, or a tool of pressure on the other party. Providing an opportunity to discuss the teen's concerns, without forcing them to choose a side, can foster a sense of security and belonging. The quality of the parent-teen relationship is also important in moderating the consequences of conflict. Even in families where marital disagreements exist, maintaining a warm relationship, emotional responsiveness, attention to the teen's needs, and consistency in parenting behavior can reduce some of the effects of stress. An adolescent who has a supportive relationship with at least one of their caregivers may find more opportunities to voice concerns and receive appropriate guidance. However, the responsibility for creating security should not fall on the shoulders of the adolescent or just a parent; parents should take action to manage disputes and prevent harm to their children. In cases where conflict is accompanied by violence, threats, or extreme fear, the top priority is to ensure the safety of the adolescent and other family members, and family dialogue alone is not an adequate solution. Socially, parental conflicts can affect a teenager's ability to form and maintain friendships. A teen who feels insecure at home may seek extreme confidence in peer relationships, become sensitive to signs of rejection, or avoid trusting others. Some teens withdraw from group activities due to family pressures and gain less opportunity to experience belonging and receive peer support. Others may become more dependent on friends to escape the tensions of home, becoming more vulnerable to peer pressure. These outcomes are not inevitable; healthy friendships, participation in group activities, and access to trusted adults can be important sources of emotional support. Sleep quality and academic performance may also be affected by family stresses. Worrying before bed, ringing ears to sounds and arguments, rumination, and difficulty relaxing the body can disrupt a teen's nightly rest. Lack of sleep, in turn, may increase irritability, concentration problems, poor working memory, and difficulty regulating emotion, creating a cycle of stress and decreased performance. In the school setting, this situation can lead to decreased motivation, drop grades, absenteeism, difficulty connecting with classmates, or conflict with teachers. However, academic failure is not always caused by family conflicts, and it is necessary to examine educational, economic, individual, and social factors to explain it. Methodologically, one of the main challenges of research in this field is to distinguish the effect of parental conflict from other contemporaneous family conditions. Economic problems, illness of a family member, parental depression, inappropriate parenting practices, and direct conflict of the adolescent parent may exist simultaneously and play a role in the mental health of the adolescent. Therefore, attributing all emotional problems to parental conflicts without considering alternative factors can lead to incorrect conclusions. Another challenge is differences in the definition and measurement of conflict; some studies emphasize the frequency of conflicts, while others examine the intensity of hostility, the adolescent's sense of threat, how the conflict is resolved, and its consequences on family relationships. Merely measuring the number of arguments cannot accurately show the difference between constructive conflict and destructive conflict. Also, the reports of adolescents, parents, and other observers may differ because each person has their own experience and perception of the family environment. The use of valid tools, age-appropriate interviews, and multi-source review can increase the accuracy of the assessment. Another important limitation is the predominance of cross-sectional research projects in some studies, which limits the possibility of determining a cause-and-effect relationship. Parental conflict may affect adolescent emotional problems, but adolescent behavioral and emotional difficulties can also lead to an increase in parental tension in some families. This possibility does not mean that the adolescent is to blame, but rather that family relationships are ambivalent and complex in many cases. Longitudinal studies can shed light on the changing trajectory of family conflicts and mental health over time, and determine which risk factors and which sources of support are more important. Paying attention to cultural differences, family structure, adolescent age, gender, quality of communication with parents, and the level of social support is also essential for accurately interpreting the findings. From an interventional point of view, one of the important strategies to reduce the effects of parental conflicts is to teach conflict resolution skills and constructive communication to adults. Active listening, expressing needs without insults, avoiding threats and humiliation, setting the right time for dialogue, and focusing on problem-solving instead of personal blame can help reduce destructive tensions. Parents should learn to manage marital disputes as far away from their children as possible, without bringing them into adult roles. If the teen has witnessed an argument, age-appropriate explanations, realistic reassurance, and observation of the parent's efforts to resolve the conflict can help restore a sense of security. Unrealistic promises that disagreements will never happen again are not appropriate; it is better for parents to take responsibility for their behavior and show that they are taking action to reduce tension and better manage conflicts. Teaching your teen to regulate emotions can also strengthen their coping capacity. Identifying physical signs of stress, naming emotions, breathing slowly, pausing before reacting, revisiting worrying thoughts, and using the support of trusted people are among the skills that can be teached. The purpose of these trainings is not to adapt the adolescent to traumatic situations or to give them responsibility for changing parental behavior, but rather to help them better manage stress and seek help from supportive adults when needed. In the school setting, counselors can identify behavioral changes, academic failure, signs of anxiety, and social withdrawal by creating a safe and confidential environment. Programs for life skills, problem-solving, assertiveness, and effective communication can also help increase adolescents' emotional empowerment. In cases where symptoms of anxiety, depression, or behavioral problems are severe and persistent, it is important to conduct a specialized psychological assessment and choose an intervention tailored to the needs of the adolescent. Cognitive-behavioral interventions can be effective in identifying self-blameworthy thoughts, reducing anxiety, and strengthening coping strategies. In families where the situation is safe and the members are willing to cooperate, family counseling or couples therapy can help modify communication patterns and reduce conflict. However, in situations of violence or coercive control, joint intervention should be conducted with a specialized safety assessment and should not replace the protection of the person at risk. Future research could provide a more accurate understanding of the ways in which family conflicts affect family conflicts by examining the mediating role of emotional security, emotion regulation, self-blame, and the quality of the adolescent parent's relationship. Examining protective factors such as social support, resilience, positive relationship with at least one trusted adult, problem-solving skills, and a sense of belonging to school can also help design prevention programs. Evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in different groups of adolescents, paying attention to their lived experience, and involving adolescents in the design of supportive services are other research and practical necessities in this field. The evidence related to parental conflict should be interpreted according to the context of the adolescent's life and the results should not be definitively generalized to all families. The existence of conflict in the family does not necessarily lead to psychological harm, the way of managing the conflict, the level of feeling of security, access to support, and the ability to rebuild relationships after stress are decisive. Adolescents can show a significant ability to adapt and restore psychological balance if they have supportive environments and appropriate opportunities to learn emotional skills. Simultaneously paying attention to parents' responsibility in reducing destructive conflicts, adolescent developmental needs, and the role of school and support networks can provide the ground for the prevention of lasting problems and help develop mental health, emotional stability, and the formation of healthier social relationships during adolescence.