Art therapy and body image in cancer patients can be examined in an interdisciplinary framework in which the body is not merely a biological structure, but an important part of one's identity, self-concept, sense of worth, and experience of one's self. Cancer diagnosis and the treatment process can cause significant changes in the appearance and function of the body, and consequences such as hair loss, weight changes, surgical scarring, loss or deformity of limbs, skin changes, fatigue, pain, and movement limitations may alter a person's perception of one's body. From a theoretical perspective, body image is a multidimensional concept that encompasses perceptual, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components and refers to the way a person sees, interprets, feels about, and behaves about their body. In cancer patients, physical changes may create a gap between the body experienced before the disease and the body after treatment, and this disconnect is sometimes accompanied by feelings of alienation from the body, shame, decreased self-confidence, anxiety about appearance, worry about the way others look, and decreased life satisfaction. Self-concept is also affected in this process, as the body is one of the main sources of shaping a person's perception of their identity and social status. When the changes caused by the treatment are not consistent with the person's previous self-image, the process of redefining physical identity may become necessary. Art therapy in this field can provide a safe space for observing, representing, and making sense of the body experience, leading the patient from passive exposure to physical changes to active participation in the reconstruction of a personal narrative of the body. The theoretical basis of this approach is based on the importance of non-verbal expression of complex and sometimes difficult body experiences, as many of the emotions associated with scarring, body deformity, limb loss, or physical changes may not be easily expressed in the form of direct dialogue. Painting, drawing, collage, sculpture, and other visual arts practices allow the patient to transform their body experience into an external image and create a reflective distance between the "I" and the "changed body." This distance can help the process of observation and reflection and allow the individual to recognize broader dimensions of their identity rather than defining themselves solely on the basis of physical changes. One of the important mechanisms of art therapy in this area is the reconstruction of the meaning of the body. The post-cancer body may be a reminder to the patient of pain, threats, surgery, dependence, and fear of the return of the disease, but the artistic process can allow for the creation of a new narrative in which the body carries concepts such as survival, adaptability, resistance, and the continuation of life in addition to experiencing the trauma. This change in meaning does not necessarily mean the forced positivity of the cancer experience, but rather allows the patient to represent their complex experience with all its unpleasant dimensions, losses, and adaptive capacities. From a psychological perspective, such a process can help reduce the body's avoidance and increase its tolerance to face changes in appearance. The person may initially avoid observing scars or physical changes, but the gradual representation of this experience in the supportive therapeutic setting can create a controlled exposure to the subject. In this situation, the therapist should avoid hasty interpretation of the artwork and receive the meaning of the image from the patient himself, as a similar image can have completely different meanings for different people. The research background of art therapy in physical diseases and cancer shows that artistic interventions can be associated with improved mood, reduced anxiety and distress, increased emotional expression, and enhanced psychological adjustment in some patients, and these factors can indirectly affect body image and self-concept. However, specific evidence on body image reconstruction is not the same across all groups of cancer patients, and differences in the type of cancer, location of body involvement, type of surgery, age, gender, relational status, and cultural circumstances can affect outcomes. For example, in cancers that produce more obvious changes in appearance or function, body image issues may become more prominent, while in other patients, the main concern may be related to fatigue, pain, or decreased physical ability. Therefore, art therapy interventions should be designed based on the patient's unique experience and avoid providing the same pattern for all people. One of the important applications of art therapy in this area is to help rebuild physical identity after the end of active treatment, a stage that may be considered medically the end of treatment, but is still psychologically associated with adjusting to the new body and worrying about the return of the disease. The patient may expect to feel completely relaxed after the end of treatment, but daily exposure to the effects of illness and physical changes can prolong the adjustment process. Artistic activity can help a person redefine their narrative from a "sick body" to "a body that has experienced the disease and is now on the path of life." This redefinition can be part of the process of rebuilding self-concept, especially when a person feels that their identity after cancer no longer matches their previous image of themselves. In art therapy, exercises such as body image painting before illness, body during treatment, and body after treatment can be used to reveal perceived changes, related emotions, and points of disconnect or identity attachment. Identity collage can also be used to place characteristics that are not solely dependent on physical appearance, such as relationships, values, abilities, interests, goals, and social roles, alongside body image. Such exercises can help expand self-concept and prevent one's identity from being reduced to a "cancer patient." From a social perspective, body image is also influenced by the perception of others, and worries about judgment, pity, or social rejection may cause the individual to withdraw from social relationships and activities. Group art therapy can provide an opportunity to experience empathy, observe similar experiences, and reduce the feeling of being different. However, group presence should be voluntary and proportional to the patient's mental readiness, as some people may be more inclined to work individually in the early stages of adjusting to the new body. In addition to body image, the concept of self-compassion can also be considered in artistic interventions, as some patients act self-critically after physical changes and blame their bodies for the changes made. Rather than focusing solely on physical beauty, the artistic process can focus on the person's relationship with the body and the way he or she encounters physical vulnerability. This approach does not mean ignoring suffering or encouraging the patient to accept the body immediately, but rather emphasizes creating the possibility of dialogue with the body and gradually accepting its lived experience. In clinical application, the psycho-oncologist and art therapist can evaluate body image status, self-concept, social anxiety, depressive symptoms, the quality of relationships, and the extent of avoidance of social activities, along with the treatment team, and choose the appropriate intervention based on the patient's needs. Regular evaluation is important, as body image changes may be associated with relationship problems, sexual dysfunction, decreased self-confidence, or a decrease in quality of life, and in some cases may require referral to more specialized psychotherapy. An important limitation of this area is that not all body image changes can be corrected by psychological interventions alone, and some patients may also require restorative medicine measures, physical rehabilitation, professional counseling, or social support. Also, the severity and type of physical changes, stage of the disease, treatment experience, cultural characteristics, and a person's attitude toward appearance can affect the response to art therapy. On the other hand, the small sample size in some studies, differences in art therapy protocols, the lack of a single standard for conducting sessions, and the use of different body image measurement tools make it difficult to compare the results. Another challenge is the risk of over-interpreting the artwork; the artwork is not a definitive diagnostic tool for mental health and should not be based solely on a drawing about the patient's personality traits or clinical status. Future research can use longitudinal and controlled designs to track body image changes from the time of diagnosis to the end of treatment and the survival period, and investigate its relationship with quality of life, self-concept, anxiety, depression, and social adjustment. The combination of quantitative and qualitative methods can also provide a more accurate understanding of the lived experience of the body after cancer, as standard scales are able to measure the severity of certain problems, while narratives and artworks can reveal the semantic layers of the body experience. Overall, art therapy can be used as one of the complementary tools in reconstructing the patient's relationship with the body, physical identity, and self-concept after cancer, and contributes to the process of psychological adjustment by providing the possibility of expression, observation, meaningfulness, and redefinition of the physical experience. The main goal of this approach is not to forcibly change the appearance or eliminate unpleasant emotions, but to create conditions in which the patient can fit their altered body into a broader narrative of their identity and create a meaningful link between the experience of illness and the continuation of life.